FEATURES AND PROBLEMS OF HUMAN CAPITAL USE IN WARTIME CONDITIONS

Abstract

The article substantiates the need to study the features of the use of human capital in modern conditions. Attention is focused on the fact that as a result of digitalization and innovation changes, human capital acquires new qualitative characteristics that allow it to be defined as one of the main resources capable of ensuring the effective functioning of the national economy. It is determined that the expediency of conducting scientific research in this direction increases its relevance in the conditions of the deployment of a full-scale war, because such an analysis is able to suggest ways of preserving, adapting and further developing human capital as a valuable resource of the national economy. It is proposed to understand the use of human capital as a process that involves the implementation of already formed components of human capital in various types of activity, the result of which at the individual level is an increase in labor productivity, wages and well-being of the person himself, and at the national level - the economic rise of the country and social welfare. In modern conditions, the use of human capital is not limited to labor activity or the production of innovative public goods, as it also involves the performance of such activities as running a personal subsidiary farm, raising children, etc. When studying the factors that affect the efficiency of human capital use, four groups were identified: economic, socio-demographic, technical-innovative, scientific-educational. The use of human capital can lead to both positive (growth in incomes, increased competitiveness and social utility, increased innovation) and negative consequences (growth in unemployment, informal employment, reduction in the share of labor income of the population). It was found that the effective use of human capital will create a basis for the post-war restoration of the national economy and prerequisites for achieving sustainable rates of economic growth. However, the practical solution of the outlined tasks faces significant problems, including economic, social, infrastructural, psychological, security, etc.